【does和doesnt的使用区别】在英语语法中,"does" 和 "doesn't" 是常见的助动词形式,用于构成一般现在时的疑问句和否定句。它们常与第三人称单数(he, she, it)连用。虽然两者看似相似,但它们在句子中的作用却有明显区别。以下是对“does”和“doesn't”的使用区别的总结。
一、基本定义
词语 | 含义 | 用法 |
does | 表示肯定意义 | 构成肯定句或疑问句 |
doesn't | 表示否定意义 | 构成否定句 |
二、使用场景对比
场景 | does 的使用 | doesn't 的使用 |
肯定句 | He does his homework. | —— |
否定句 | —— | He doesn't like coffee. |
疑问句 | Does he go to school? | Doesn't he like pizza? |
三、常见用法举例
1. 肯定句(使用 “does”)
- She does her job well.
- They do their homework every day.
2. 否定句(使用 “doesn't”)
- He doesn't like sports.
- It doesn't rain often here.
3. 疑问句(使用 “does”)
- Does she play the piano?
- Does it work?
4. 否定疑问句(使用 “doesn't”)
- Doesn't he understand the question?
- Doesn't they know the answer?
四、注意事项
1. 主语必须是第三人称单数(he, she, it),否则应使用 “do” 或 “don't”。
- 正确:He does like apples.
- 错误:He do like apples.
- 正确:They do like apples.
- 正确:They don't like apples.
2. doesn't 是 do not 的缩写形式,用于否定句中。
- He doesn't go to school on weekends.
3. 在口语中,“doesn't” 更常用于日常交流,而“does” 则更常用于正式或书面语境。
五、总结表格
项目 | does | doesn't |
含义 | 表示肯定 | 表示否定 |
用法 | 肯定句、疑问句 | 否定句 |
主语要求 | 第三人称单数(he, she, it) | 第三人称单数(he, she, it) |
缩写形式 | —— | do not 的缩写 |
常见例句 | Does he like music? | Doesn't she like chocolate? |
使用频率 | 高(尤其在疑问句中) | 高(尤其在否定句中) |
通过以上分析可以看出,“does” 和 “doesn't” 虽然结构相似,但在实际使用中承担着不同的语法功能。掌握它们的区别有助于提高英语表达的准确性与自然度。