在历史的长河中，有许多人物以其独特的贡献和品格而被铭记。巢谷便是其中一位值得我们深入了解的人物。他的生平事迹不仅展现了个人的坚韧与智慧，也为后世留下了宝贵的精神财富。以下是巢谷传的全文及其翻译，让我们一起走进这位杰出人物的世界。

原文：

巢谷者，字子坚，其先自宋南渡至浙东，遂为吾乡人。幼而好学，博览群书，尤精于天文地理之学。年二十，举进士不第，乃弃文就武，习兵法。后入军旅，屡立战功，官至参将。然性耿直，不阿权贵，常直言敢谏，终以言事触怒上司，罢官归里。归乡后，潜心学问，教授弟子，著有《天文志》《地理图说》等书，广受赞誉。

翻译：

Chao Gu was born with the courtesy name Zi Jian. His ancestors moved south from the Song Dynasty to Zhejiang Province, making him a native of my hometown. From an early age, he was fond of learning and read extensively, particularly excelling in astronomy and geography. At the age of twenty, he failed the imperial examinations and subsequently abandoned literature for military studies, mastering military strategies. Later, he joined the army and achieved numerous victories, eventually rising to the rank of General. However, due to his upright character and unwillingness to flatter powerful figures, he often spoke frankly and offered candid advice, which ultimately led to his dismissal from office after offending his superiors. Upon returning home, he devoted himself to scholarship, teaching students and authoring works such as "Astronomical Records" and "Geographical Illustrations," which earned widespread acclaim.

通过这段文字，我们可以看到巢谷的一生充满了起伏与挑战。他从一个普通的学者转变为一位英勇的将领，又回归学术界，成为了一位受人尊敬的教育家。巢谷的故事告诉我们，无论身处何种环境，坚持自我、追求真理都是人生的重要原则。希望这篇简短的介绍能够激发大家对历史的兴趣，并从中汲取力量和灵感。