【afraid的用法和固定搭配】“afraid”是一个常见的英语形容词,表示“害怕的、担心的”,在日常交流中使用频率很高。它常用于表达对某种情况的担忧或恐惧。掌握其常见用法和固定搭配,有助于更自然地使用这一词汇。
一、基本用法
1. be afraid of + 名词/动名词
表示“害怕某人/某事”。
- 例句:I am afraid of the dark.(我怕黑。)
- 例句:She is afraid of flying.(她害怕坐飞机。)
2. be afraid that + 从句
表示“担心/害怕……(后面跟一个完整的句子)”。
- 例句:I am afraid that I can’t come to the party.(恐怕我不能参加聚会。)
- 例句:He is afraid that he will fail the exam.(他担心考试会不及格。)
3. be afraid to do sth
表示“不敢做某事”。
- 例句:She is afraid to speak in public.(她不敢在公众面前讲话。)
- 例句:They are afraid to go out at night.(他们晚上不敢出门。)
二、固定搭配总结
搭配结构 | 用法说明 | 例句 |
be afraid of + 名词 / 动名词 | 表示对某事物的恐惧 | I'm afraid of snakes. |
be afraid that + 从句 | 表达对某事的担忧 | I'm afraid that it's too late. |
be afraid to do sth | 表示不敢做某事 | He is afraid to ask her for help. |
not afraid of doing sth | 表示不害怕做某事 | She isn't afraid of taking risks. |
be afraid of being caught | 表示害怕被抓住 | He was afraid of being caught by the police. |
三、注意事项
- “afraid”通常不用于强调“害怕”的程度,如不能说“I am very afraid of the movie.”(应改为“I’m really scared of the movie.”)
- 在正式场合中,“afraid”多用于委婉表达否定或拒绝,如:“I'm afraid I can't help you.”(恐怕我帮不了你。)
通过以上总结,可以看出“afraid”虽然简单,但在实际使用中有着丰富的搭配和语境。掌握这些用法,可以帮助你在写作和口语中更准确地表达自己的情感和想法。